For decades, veterinary medicine focused almost exclusively on the physical health of animals—vaccinations, surgeries, and the eradication of parasites. However, as our understanding of the animal kingdom has evolved, so too has the realization that mental and physical health are inextricably linked. Today, the intersection of represents one of the most dynamic and essential fields in modern animal care. The Evolution of Clinical Ethology

, Shadow was a puzzle. His vitals were fine, his bloodwork was clean, but he spent his days staring at the air vent that connected his enclosure to the recovery ward.